| 爱 | ài | любовь | to love; affection; to be fond of; to like |
| 八 | bā | восемь | eight; 8 |
| 爸爸 | bà ba | папа | (informal) father; CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4] |
| 杯子 | bēi zi | чашка | cup; glass; CL:個|个[ge4],支[zhi1],枝[zhi1] |
| 北京 | Běi Jīng | Пекин | Beijing, capital of People's Republic of China; Peking; PRC government |
| 本 | běn | книга | roots or stems of plants; origin; source; this; the current; root; foundation; basis; classifier for books, periodicals, files etc; originally |
| 不 | bù | нет | (negative prefix); not; no |
| 不客气 | bú kè qi | не за что | you're welcome; impolite; rude; blunt; don't mention it |
| 菜 | cài | овощи | dish (type of food); vegetables; vegetable; cuisine; CL:盤|盘[pan2],道[dao4] |
| 茶 | chá | чай | tea; tea plant; CL:杯[bei1],壺|壶[hu2] |
| 吃 | chī | есть | to eat; to have one's meal; to eradicate; to destroy; to absorb; to suffer; to exhaust |
| 出租车 | chū zū chē | такси | taxi |
| 打电话 | dǎ diàn huà | звонить по телефону | to make a telephone call |
| 大 | dà | большой | big; huge; large; major; great; wide; deep; oldest; eldest |
| 的 | de | (无对应词，助词省略) | of; structural particle: used before a noun, linking it to preceding possessive or descriptive attributive |
| 点 | diǎn | точка | drop (of liquid); stain; spot; speck; jot; dot stroke (in Chinese characters); decimal point; point; mark (of degree or level); a place (with certain characteristics); iron bell; o’clock; a little; a bit; some; (point) unit of measurement for type; to touch on briefly; to make clear; to light; to ignite; to kindle; period of time at night (24 minutes) (old); a drip; to dibble; classifier for small indeterminate quantities |
| 电脑 | diàn nǎo | компьютер | computer; CL:臺|台[tai2] |
| 电视 | diàn shì | телевизор | television; TV; CL:臺|台[tai2],個|个[ge4] |
| 电影 | diàn yǐng | фильм | movie; film; CL:部[bu4],片[pian4],幕[mu4],場|场[chang3] |
| 东西 | dōng xi | вещь | thing; stuff; person; CL:個|个[ge4],件[jian4] |
| 都 | dōu | все | all, both; entirely (due to) each; even; already |
| 读 | dú | читать | to read; to study; reading of word (i.e. pronunciation), similar to 拼音[pin1 yin1] |
| 对不起 | duì bu qǐ | извините | unworthy; to let down; I'm sorry; excuse me; pardon me; if you please; sorry? (please repeat) |
| 多 | duō | много | many; much; a lot of; numerous; multi- |
| 多少 | duō shǎo | сколько | number; amount; somewhat |
| 儿子 | ér zi | сын | son |
| 二 | èr | два | two; 2; stupid (Beijing dialect) |
| 饭馆 | fàn guǎn | ресторан | restaurant; CL:家[jia1] |
| 飞机 | fēi jī | самолёт | airplane; CL: 架[jia4] |
| 分钟 | fēn zhōng | минута | minute |
| 高兴 | gāo xìng | радостный | happy; glad; willing (to do sth); in a cheerful mood |
| 个 | gè | (量词省略) | individual; this; that; size; classifier for people or objects in general |
| 工作 | gōng zuò | работа | job; work; construction; task; CL:個|个[ge4],份[fen4],項|项[xiang4] |
| 狗 | gǒu | собака | dog; CL:隻|只[zhi1],條|条[tiao2] |
| 汉语 | Hàn yǔ | китайский язык | Chinese language; CL:門|门[men2] |
| 好 | hǎo | хорошо | good; well; proper; good to; easy to; very; so; (suffix indicating completion or readiness) |
| 喝 | hē | пить | to drink; to shout (a command); My goodness! |
| 和 | hé | и | and; together with; with; sum; union; peace; harmony; surname He; Japanese related; Taiwan pr. han4 |
| 很 | hěn | очень | (adverb of degree); quite; very; awfully |
| 回 | huí | возвращаться | to circle; to go back; to turn around; to answer; to return; to revolve; Hui ethnic group (Chinese Muslims); time; classifier for acts of a play; section or chapter (of a classic book) |
| 会 | huì | уметь | can; be possible; be able to; will; be likely to; be sure to; to assemble; to meet; to gather; to see; union; group; association; CL:個|个[ge4]; a moment (Taiwan pr. for this sense is hui3) |
| 火车站 | huǒ chē zhàn | вокзал | train station |
| 家 | jiā | семья | home; family; classifier for families or businesses; refers to the philosophical schools of pre-Han China; noun suffix for specialists in some activity such as musician or revolutionary, corresponds to English -ist, -er, -ary or -ian; surname Jia; CL:個|个[ge4] |
| 叫 | jiào | звать | to shout; to call; to order; to ask; to be called; by (indicates agent in the passive mood) |
| 今天 | jīn tiān | сегодня | today; at the present; now |
| 九 | jiǔ | девять | nine; 9 |
| 开 | kāi | открывать | to open; to start; to turn on; to boil; to write out (a medical prescription); to operate (vehicle); abbr. for 開爾文|开尔文 degrees Kelvin |
| 看见 | kàn jiàn | видеть | to see; to catch sight of |
| 块 | kuài | кусок | lump (of earth); chunk; piece; classifier for pieces of cloth, cake, soap etc; colloquial word for yuan (or other unit of currency such as Hong Kong or US dollar etc), usually as 塊錢|块钱 |
| 来 | lái | приходить | to come; to arrive; to come round; ever since; next |
| 老师 | lǎo shī | учитель | teacher; CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4] |
| 了 | le | (助词省略) | (modal particle intensifying preceding clause); (completed action marker) |
| 冷 | lěng | холодный | cold |
| 里 | lǐ | внутри | lining; interior; inside; internal; also written 裡|里 [li3] |
| 零 | líng | ноль | zero; nought; zero sign; fractional; fragmentary; odd (of numbers); (placed between two numbers to indicate a smaller quantity followed by a larger one); fraction; (in mathematics) remainder (after division); extra; to wither and fall; to wither |
| 六 | liù | шесть | six; 6 |
| 妈妈 | mā ma | мама | mama; mommy; mother; CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4] |
| 吗 | ma | ли | (question tag) |
| 买 | mǎi | покупать | to buy; to purchase |
| 猫 | māo | кошка | cat; CL:隻|只[zhi1] |
| 没 | méi | нет | (negative prefix for verbs); have not; not |
| 没关系 | méi guān xi | ничего страшного | it doesn't matter |
| 米饭 | mǐ fàn | рис | (cooked) rice |
| 明天 | míng tiān | завтра | tomorrow |
| 名字 | míng zi | имя | name (of a person or thing); CL:個|个[ge4] |
| 哪 | nǎ | какой | how; which |
| 哪儿 | nǎr | где | where?; wherever; anywhere |
| 那 | nà | тот | that; those; then (in that case); commonly pr. nei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing |
| 那儿 | nàr | там | there |
| 呢 | ne | (疑问助词) | (question particle for subjects already mentioned) |
| 能 | néng | мочь | to be able to; to be capable of; ability; capability; able; capable; can possibly; (usually used in the negative) to have the possibility of |
| 你 | nǐ | ты | you (informal, as opposed to polite 您[nin2]) |
| 年 | nián | год | year; CL:個|个[ge4] |
| 女儿 | nǚ ér | дочь | daughter |
| 朋友 | péng you | друг | friend; CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4] |
| 漂亮 | piào liang | красивый | pretty; beautiful |
| 苹果 | píng guǒ | яблоко | apple; CL:個|个[ge4],顆|颗[ke1] |
| 七 | qī | семь | seven; 7 |
| 钱 | qián | деньги | coin; money; CL:筆|笔[bi3] |
| 前面 | qián miàn | перед | ahead; in front; preceding; above |
| 请 | qǐng | пожалуйста | to ask; to invite; please (do sth); to treat (to a meal etc); to request |
| 去 | qù | идти | to go; to go to (a place); to cause to go or send (sb); to remove; to get rid of; (when used either before or after a verb) to go in order to do sth; to be apart from in space or time; (after a verb of motion indicates movement away from the speaker); (used after certain verbs to indicate detachment or separation); (of a time or an event etc) just passed or elapsed |
| 热 | rè | жаркий | heat; to heat up; fervent; hot (of weather); warm up |
| 人 | rén | человек | man; person; people; CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4] |
| 认识 | rèn shi | знать | to know; to recognize; to be familiar with; acquainted with sth; knowledge; understanding; awareness; cognition |
| 日 | rì | день | sun; day; date, day of the month; abbr. for 日本|日本 Japan |
| 三 | sān | три | three; 3 |
| 商店 | shāng diàn | магазин | store; shop; CL:家[jia1],個|个[ge4] |
| 上午 | shàng wǔ | утро | morning; CL:個|个[ge4] |
| 少 | shǎo | мало | few; little; lack |
| 谁 | shéi | кто | who; also pronounced shui2 |
| 什么 | shén me | что | what?; who?; something; anything |
| 十 | shí | десять | ten; 10 |
| 时候 | shí hou | время | time; length of time; moment; period |
| 是 | shì | быть | is; are; am; yes; to be |
| 书 | shū | книга | book; letter; CL:本[ben3],冊|册[ce4],部[bu4]; see also 書經|书经 Book of History |
| 水 | shuǐ | вода | water; river; liquid; beverage; additional charges or income; (of clothes) classifier for number of washes |
| 睡觉 | shuì jiào | спать | to go to bed; to go to sleep |
| 说话 | shuō huà | говорить | to speak; to say; to talk; to gossip; to tell stories; talk; word |
| 四 | sì | четыре | four; 4 |
| 岁 | suì | год | classifier for years (of age); year; year (of crop harvests) |
| 他 | tā | он | he or him; (used for either sex when the sex is unknown or unimportant); (used before sb's name for emphasis); (used as a meaningless mock object); other; another |
| 她 | tā | она | she |
| 太 | tài | слишком | highest; greatest; too (much); very; extremely |
| 天气 | tiān qì | погода | weather |
| 听 | tīng | слушать | to listen; to hear; to obey; a can (loanword from English ""tin""); classifier for canned beverages |
| 同学 | tóng xué | одноклассник | (fellow) classmate; CL:位[wei4],個|个[ge4] |
| 喂 | wèi | алло | hello (interj., esp. on telephone); hey; to feed (sb or some animal) |
| 我 | wǒ | я | I; me; my |
| 我们 | wǒ men | мы | we; us; ourselves; our |
| 五 | wǔ | пять | five; 5 |
| 喜欢 | xǐ huan | нравиться | to like; to be fond of |
| 下 | xià | спускаться | down; downwards; below; lower; later; next (week etc); second (of two parts); to decline; to go down |
| 下午 | xià wǔ | день | afternoon; p.m.; CL:個|个[ge4] |
| 下雨 | xià yǔ | идти дождь | to rain; rainy |
| 先生 | xiān sheng | господин | teacher; Mister (Mr.); husband; doctor (topolect); CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4] |
| 现在 | xiàn zài | сейчас | now; at present; at the moment; modern; current; nowadays |
| 想 | xiǎng | хотеть | to think; to believe; to suppose; to wish; to want; to miss |
| 小 | xiǎo | маленький | small; tiny; few; young |
| 小姐 | xiǎo jiě | мисс | young lady; miss; CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4] |
| 些 | xiē | несколько | some; few; several; (a measure word) |
| 写 | xiě | писать | to write |
| 谢谢 | xiè xie | спасибо | to thank; thanks |
| 星期 | xīng qī | неделя | week; CL:個|个[ge4] |
| 学生 | xué sheng | студент | student; school child |
| 学习 | xué xí | учиться | to learn; to study |
| 学校 | xué xiào | школа | school; CL:所[suo3] |
| 一 | yī | один | one; 1; single; a (article); as soon as; entire; whole; all; throughout; ""one"" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1) |
| 衣服 | yī fu | одежда | clothes; CL:件[jian4],套[tao4] |
| 医生 | yī sheng | врач | doctor; CL:個|个[ge4],位[wei4],名[ming2] |
| 医院 | yī yuàn | больница | hospital; CL:所[suo3],家[jia1],座[zuo4] |
| 椅子 | yǐ zi | стул | chair; CL:把[ba3],套[tao4] |
| 有 | yǒu | иметь | to have; there is; there are; to exist; to be |
| 月 | yuè | месяц | moon; month; CL:個|个[ge4],輪|轮[lun2] |
| 在 | zài | в | (located) at; (to be) in; to exist; in the middle of doing sth; (indicating an action in progress) |
| 再见 | zài jiàn | до свидания | goodbye; see you again later |
| 怎么 | zěn me | как | how?; what?; why? |
| 怎么样 | zěn me yàng | как | how?; how about?; how was it?; how are things? |
| 这 | zhè | этот | this; these; (commonly pr. zhei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing) |
| 这儿 | zhèr | здесь | here |
| 中国 | Zhōng Guó | Китай | China; Middle Kingdom |
| 中午 | zhōng wǔ | полдень | noon; midday; CL:個|个[ge4] |
| 住 | zhù | жить | to live; to dwell; to stay; to reside; to stop |
| 桌子 | zhuō zi | стол | table; desk; CL:張|张[zhang1],套[tao4] |
| 字 | zì | иероглиф | letter; symbol; character; word; CL:個|个[ge4]; courtesy or style name traditionally given to males aged 20 in dynastic China |
| 昨天 | zuó tiān | вчера | yesterday |
| 做 | zuò | делать | to do; to make; to produce; to write; to compose; to act as; to engage in; to hold (a party); to be; to become; to function (in some capacity); to serve as; to be used for; to form (a bond or relationship); to pretend; to feign; to act a part; to put on appearance |
| 坐 | zuò | сидеть | to sit; to take a seat; to take (a bus, airplane etc); to bear fruit; surname Zuo |